Medical Research Studies

(Courtesy: https://zenii.co.za/research-studies/ )
For More Research Studies on Molecular Hydrogen, please visit http://www.molecularhydrogeninstitute.com/

Ageing

H2 combats aging with its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Molecular hydrogen works as a “selective” antioxidant; i.e. it only attacks and neutralizes harmful free radicals, leaving beneficial free radicals alone to do their jobs. The toxic free radicals that H2 neutralizes are the primary source of premature aging.
Hydrogen-saturated saline protects intensive narrow band noise-induced hearing loss in guinea pigs through an antioxidant effect
“Our findings suggest that hydrogen-saturated saline is effective in preventing intensive narrow band noise-induced hearing loss through the antioxidant effect.”

Kidney Disease

H2’s antioxidant properties have been shown, in rat studies, to be effective at combatting the severity of contrast-induced acute kidney injury and renal injury.
Inhalation of hydrogen gas is beneficial for preventing contrast-induced acute kidney injury in rats
“Mechanistic analyses showed that inhalation of H2 gas significantly reduced renal cell apoptosis, expression of cleaved caspase 3, and expression of an oxidative stress marker, 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine, in injured kidneys. Results suggest that H2 gas inhalation is effective in ameliorating the severity of CIAKI in rats by reducing renal cell apoptosis and oxidative stress.”

Allergies

Studies show H2 suppresses allergic reactions. Not only does H2 combat inflammation, it also apparently improves and modulates cell signaling, affording it anti-allergy benefits.
Hydrogen as a selective antioxidant: A review of clinical and experimental studies
“H2 is emerging as a novel and safe therapeutic antioxidant. It has selective antioxidant properties, giving it anti-inflammatory properties.”

Liver Disease (Cirrhosis)

Multiple studies on mice and rats have shown that H2 can repair liver damage and reduce inflammation associated with liver disease. H2 was shown to suppress liver fibrosis, which is a universal consequence of chronic liver disease. In other studies, H2 relieved liver injury, mostly because of the abilities to activate the body’s antioxidant capabilities and to down regulate extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase activation.
Effects of oral intake of hydrogen water on liver fibrogenesis in mice
“Oral intake of hydrogen water significantly suppressed liver fibrogenesis in the carbon tetrachloride and thioacetamide models, but these effects were not seen in the bile duct ligation model. We conclude that hydrogen water protects hepatocytes from injury by scavenging hydroxyl radicals and thereby suppresses liver fibrogenesis in mice.”

Athletic Performance & Recovery

H2 has been shown to be beneficial for exercise performance in a variety of ways. First, H2 was able to prevent metabolic acidosis during heavy exercise, which typically would hinder performance. H2’s antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties also seem to improve recovery between workouts.
Pilot study: Effects of drinking hydrogen-rich water on muscle fatigue caused by acute exercise in elite athletes
“HW may be suitable hydration for athletes by preventing elevation of blood lactate during heavy exercise. Adequate hydration with hydrogen-rich water pre-exercise reduced blood lactate levels and improved exercise-induced decline of muscle function.”

Lung Disease

Hydrogen rich saline has been shown to be protective of the lungs against oxygen toxicity and other oxidative-stress mediated diseases of the lung.
Molecular hydrogen as an emerging therapeutic medical gas for neurodegenerative and other diseases
“Effects of molecular hydrogen on various diseases have been documented for 63 disease models and human diseases in the past four and a half years. Six human diseases have been studied to date: diabetes mellitus type 2, metabolic syndrome, hemodialysis, inflammatory and mitochondrial myopathies, brain stem infarction, and radiation-induced adverse effects.”

Autoimmune Disease

In addition to the apparent beneficial applications for rheumatoid arthritis, the powerful antioxidant and anti-inflammatory ability of H2 would logically promote a healthy immune balance.
Hydrogen as a selective antioxidant: A review of clinical and experimental studies
“H2 is emerging as a novel and safe therapeutic antioxidant. It has selective antioxidant properties, giving it anti-inflammatory properties.”

Metabolic Syndrome

Studies that also show potential benefits for patients with type 2 diabetes, high cholesterol, and elevated triglycerides are also promising for metabolic syndrome, since there are often related and share similar features.
Supplementation of hydrogen-rich water improves lipid and glucose metabolism in patients with type 2 diabetes or impaired glucose tolerance
“Supplementation with molecular hydrogen-rich water may have a beneficial role in the prevention of type 2 diabetes and insulin resistence by helping to stabilize blood sugar, which is a critical aspect of long-term weight loss.”

Colitis

In a study on rats with ulcerative colitis, treatment with H2 water alleviated mucosal damage of the colon and reduced diarrhea and weight loss. Additionally, H2 may inhibit vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), which is correlated with disease activity.
Protective effects of hydrogen-rich saline on ulcerative colitis rat model
“Treatment with hydrogen-rich saline reduced the weight loss and diarrhea and alleviated the colonic mucosal damage in the UC rats. In addition, the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor in the UC rats increased and could be inhibited by hydrogen treatment. Antioxidative hydrogen-rich saline effectively protected the rats from UC, which might be, at least in part, because of inhibition of vascular endothelial growth factor.”

Mitochondrial Myopathies

H2 improved mitochondrial dysfunction in patients with mitochondrial myopathies and muscular distrophy.
Open-label trial and randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover trial of hydrogen-enriched water for mitochondrial and inflammatory myopathies
“Hydrogen-enriched water improves mitochondrial dysfunction in MM and inflammatory processes in PM/DM. Less prominent effects with the double-blind trial compared to the open-label trial were likely due to a lower amount of administered hydrogen and a shorter observation period, which implies a threshold effect or a dose-response effect of hydrogen.”

Diabetes (Type 1)

Hydrogen improves glycemic control in type1 diabetic animal model by promoting glucose uptake into skeletal muscle
“Our study demonstrates that H(2) exerts metabolic effects similar to those of insulin and may be a novel therapeutic alternative to insulin in type 1 diabetes mellitus that can be administered orally.”

Muscular Dystrophy

H2 improved mitochondrial dysfunction in patients with mitochondrial myopathies and muscular distrophy.
Open-label trial and randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover trial of hydrogen-enriched water for mitochondrial and inflammatory myopathies
“Hydrogen-enriched water improves mitochondrial dysfunction in MM and inflammatory processes in PM/DM. Less prominent effects with the double-blind trial compared to the open-label trial were likely due to a lower amount of administered hydrogen and a shorter observation period, which implies a threshold effect or a dose-response effect of hydrogen.”

Rheumatoid Arthritis

In addition to showing powerful abilities to combat inflammation throughout the body by scavenging hydroxyl radicals, studies suggest that H2 has tremendous therapeutic potential for rheumatoid arthritis.
Molecular hydrogen decelerates rheumatoid arthritis progression through inhibition of oxidative stress
“Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease which results in progressive destruction of the joint. Our data suggested that H2 can directly neutralize OH and ONOO- to reduce oxidative stress. Moreover, MAPK and NF-κB pathway also play roles in oxidative damage caused by H2O2in RA-FLSs. H2 can provide protection to cells against inflammation, which may be related to inhibition of the activation of MAPK and NF-κB.”

Neurodegenerative Diseases

Treatment with H2 appears to elevate brain-derived neurotropic factor, improving brain function. H2 treatment has also been shown to block pathological expression of tau proteins (i.e. neurofibrillary tangles, which are a central feature of Alzheimer’s disease). Additionally, H2 appears to combat neuroinflammation and oxidative stress.
Molecular hydrogen in drinking water protects against neurodegenerative changes induced by traumatic brain injury
“Molecular hydrogen given in drinking water reverses many of the sequelae of controlled cortical impact and suggests that it could be an easily administered, highly effective treatment for traumatic brain injury.”

Bone Health

H2 has been shown to alleviate cell injury induced by tumor necrosis factor-alpha, which plays a crucial role in postmenopausal osteoporosis. In rat studies, H2 water was shown to prevent osteopenia in rats.
Treatment with hydrogen molecule alleviates TNFα-induced cell injury in osteoblast
“Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα) plays a crucial role in inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and postmenopausal osteoporosis. Recently, it has been demonstrated that hydrogen gas, known as a novel antioxidant, can exert therapeutic anti-inflammatory effect in many diseases. Treatment with H(2) alleviates TNFα-induced cell injury in osteoblast through abating oxidative stress, preserving mitochondrial function, suppressing inflammation, and enhancing NO bioavailability.”

Brain Injury

A variety of studies shown strong potential for H2 to be a highly effective and easily administered treatment of traumatic brain injury and concussion, and potentially in cases of CTE. In one study, a treatment with H2 water reduced the acute changes induced controlled cortical impact (CCI) by about half and completely blocked pathological tau expression.
Hydrogen is neuroprotective against surgically induced brain injury
“Hydrogen appears to be promising as an effective, yet inexpensive way to reduce cerebral edema caused by surgical procedures. Hydrogen has the potential to improve clinical outcome, decrease hospital stay, and reduce overall cost to patients and the health care system.”

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)

The role of oxidative stress in degeneration of the neuromuscular junction in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
“Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is characterized by the progressive loss of motoneurons and degradation of the neuromuscular junctions (NMJ). Consistent with the dying-back hypothesis of motoneuron degeneration the decline in synaptic function initiates from the presynaptic terminals in ALS. Oxidative stress is a major contributory factor to ALS pathology and affects the presynaptic transmitter releasing machinery. Indeed, in ALS mouse models nerve terminals are sensitive to reactive oxygen species (ROS) suggesting that oxidative stress, along with compromised mitochondria and increased intracellular Ca(2+) amplifies the presynaptic decline in NMJ. This initial dysfunction is followed by a neurodegeneration induced by inflammatory agents and loss of trophic support. To develop effective therapeutic approaches against ALS, it is important to identify the mechanisms underlying the initial pathological events. Given the role of oxidative stress in ALS, targeted antioxidant treatments could be a promising therapeutic approach. However, the complex nature of ALS and failure of monotherapies suggest that an antioxidant therapy should be accompanied by anti-inflammatory interventions to enhance the restoration of the redox balance.”

CTE / Concussion / Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI)

Molecular hydrogen in drinking water protects against neurodegenerative changes induced by traumatic brain injury
“Molecular hydrogen given in drinking water reverses many of the sequelae of controlled cortical impact and suggests that it could be an easily administered, highly effective treatment for traumatic brain injury.”

Parkinson’s Disease

Studies suggest that H2 water is likely and able to retard the progression and development of Parkinson’s disease, mainly because of its selective antioxidant abilities.
Hydrogen as a selective antioxidant: A review of clinical and experimental studies
“H2 is emerging as a novel and safe therapeutic antioxidant. It has selective antioxidant properties, giving it anti-inflammatory properties.”

Reproductive Health

Studies point to the close ties between reproductive health and oxidative stress, from fertility through pregnancy and beyond. H2 may have a variety of strong therapeutic applications for reproductive health, including increasing female fertility, increasing sperm motility, and reducing the risk of pregnancy complications such as miscarriage, preeclampsia, and improving fetal developmental programming.

Pregnancy

Oxidative status and serum prolidase activity in tubal ectopic pregnancy
“Total antioxidant capacity levels were lower in the ectopic pregnancy group than the healthy group (p < 0.018), whereas total oxidant status, oxidative stress index and prolidase activity were higher (p < 0.05). Ectopic pregnancy may be associated with increased serum prolidase activity and oxidative stress, and this association may help to provide a better understanding about the pathogenesis of ectopic pregnancy.” Hilali, N., Aksoy, N., Vural, M., Camuzcuoglu, H., & Taskin, A. (2013). Oxidative status and serum prolidase activity in tubal ectopic pregnancy. Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association, 63(2), 169-172.Retrieved from http://www.jpma.org.pk/PdfDownload/3990.pdf
Oxidative stress damage as a detrimental factor in preterm birth pathology

Cardiovascular Disease

Studies point to the potential for H2 combat and ameliorate all facets of cardiovascular disease, including the abilities to lower serum LDL, combat atherosclerosis, regulate hypertension, and reduce chronic inflammation. A study on rats has shown potential for improved survival rates and neurological outcome after cardiac arrest, and other studies have demonstrated H2’s ability to attenuate the severity of strokes.
Hydrogen as a selective antioxidant: A review of clinical and experimental studies
“H2 is emerging as a novel and safe therapeutic antioxidant. It has selective antioxidant properties, giving it anti-inflammatory properties.”

Fertility

Oxidative stress and epididymal sperm transport, motility and morphological defects
“Radical oxidative species (ROS) have an important effect on sperm quality and quantity. High levels of CP can be measured in iOAT patients, indicating that OS could underlie the aetipopathogenesis of the syndrome. OS negatively affects flagellar axonemal structure with subsequent impairment of forward progressive sperm motility. This can put an attention for antioxidants as a therapy for iOAT syndrome and further research to find how to decrease ROS production.”

Atherosclerosis

H2 has been shown to stop fatty deposits in the blood vessels of the heart in studies involving rats. H2 also was shown to significantly reduce atherosclerotic lesions and decrease oxidative stress in the hearts of mice.
Hydrogen-rich water prevents lipid deposition in the descending aorta in a rat periodontitis model
“Hydrogen Water intake may prevent lipid deposition in the rat aorta induced by periodontitis by decreasing serum ox-LDL levels and aortic oxidative stress.”

Skin Conditions

H2 has been demonstrated to be effective in protecting the skin from oxidative damage, which has a variety of applications for combatting and preventing a variety of skin conditions, including acne, eczema, psoriasis, erythematous skin conditions (such as herpes), wrinkles, and skin damage from radiation.
Hydrogen as a selective antioxidant: A review of clinical and experimental studies
“H2 is emerging as a novel and safe therapeutic antioxidant. It has selective antioxidant properties, giving it anti-inflammatory properties.”

Blood Clots

Hydrogen therapy reduces hydroxyl radical and increases endogenous antioxidants caused by oxidative stress
“Hydrogen therapy reduces hydroxyl radical and increases endogenous antioxidants caused by oxidative stress. Molecular hydrogen is proposed to be protective by increasing endogenous antioxidants in addition to scavenging the hydroxyl radical after an injury such as oxidative stress. Hydrogen is qualified to cross the blood brain barrier, to enter the mitochondria, and even has the ability to translocate to the nucleus under certain conditions. Once in these ideal locations of the cell, previous studies have shown that hydrogen exerts antioxidant, anti-apoptotic, anti-inflammatory, and cytoprotective properties that are beneficial to the cell.”

Acne

Addressing free radical oxidation in acne vulgaris
“The presence of excessive reactive oxygen species can be implicated in each of the major abnormalities involved. This presence, along with the positive results of the authors’ preliminary study, demonstrates the need for more exploration on the use of topical antioxidants in limiting free radical oxidation in the acne model. ROS can be implicated in each of the abnormalities associated with acne vulgaris.”

Cholesterol Balance

Hydrogen-rich water decreases serum LDL-cholesterol levels and improves HDL function in patients with potential metabolic syndrome
“Supplementation with H2-rich water seems to decrease serum LDL-C and apoB levels, improve dyslipidemia-injured HDL functions, and reduce oxidative stress, and it may have a beneficial role in prevention of potential metabolic syndrome.”

Psoriasis

Oxidative stress and its role in skin disease
“Skin is a major target of oxidative stress due to reactive oxygen species (ROS) that originate in the environment and in the skin itself. ROS are generated during normal metabolism, are an integral part of normal cellular function, and are usually of little harm because of intracellular mechanisms that reduce their damaging effects. Antioxidants attenuate the damaging effects of ROS and can impair and/or reverse many of the events that contribute to epidermal toxicity and disease.”

Hypertension Regulation

Concomitant inhibition of oxidative stress and angiogenesis by chronic hydrogen-rich saline and N-acetylcysteine treatments improves systemic, splanchnic and hepatic hemodynamics of cirrhotic rats
“Both hydrogen-rich saline and N-acetylcysteine alleviate portal hypertension, the severity of portosystemic collaterals, mesenteric angiogenesis, hepatic endothelial dysfunction and intrahepatic resistance in cirrhotic rats. N-Acetylcysteine and the new antioxidant, hydrogen-rich saline are potential treatments for the complications of cirrhosis.”

Vision

The potential utilizations of hydrogen as a promising therapeutic strategy against ocular diseases
“Hydrogen can modulate several biological functions, and exhibits antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. The ability of hydrogen to neutralize free radicals, especially the hydroxyl radicals as well as other detrimental ROS, can be utilized to treat or prevent ocular disorders related to oxidative stress.”

Heart Attack

Hydrogen-containing saline attenuates doxorubicin-induced heart failure in rats
“Cardiac function was significantly improved and that the plasma levels of oxidative-stress markers and myocardial autophagic activity were decreased in animals treated with hydrogen-containing saline. Therefore, we conclude that hydrogen-containing saline may have beneficial effects for doxorubicin-induced heart failure.”

Weight Management

H2’s abilities to combat insulin resistance, diabetes, and improve fatty acid metabolism through reduction of oxidative stress are all helpful for weight management.
Supplementation of hydrogen-rich water improves lipid and glucose metabolism in patients with type 2 diabetes or impaired glucose tolerance
“Supplementation with molecular hydrogen-rich water may have a beneficial role in the prevention of type 2 diabetes and insulin resistence by helping to stabilize blood sugar, which is a critical aspect of long-term weight loss.”

Stroke

Rats were subjected to a blockage of their left cerebral arteries and then exposed to hydrogen gas. The rats showed significantly smaller infarction (a type of stroke) volumes compared to controls. The study attributed the beneficial effect to H2’s scavenging ability of hydroxyl radicals.
Hydrogen inhalation ameliorated mast cell-mediated brain injury after intracerebral hemorrhage in mice
“Activation of mast cells following intracerebral hemorrhage contributed to increase of blood-brain barrier permeability and brain edema. Hydrogen inhalation preserved blood-brain barrier disruption by prevention of mast cell activation after intracerebral hemorrhage.”

Other Conditions

Cancer

H2 prevents oxidative stress and regulates gene expression and also alleged symptoms from radiation therapy. H2 has also been shown to halt tumor growth and convert cancer cells back to normal cells due to its selective free radical scavenging ability. Significant benefits have been demonstrated for a number of different cancers, including liver, tongue, and colon cancer cells.
Hydrogen as a selective antioxidant: A review of clinical and experimental studies
“H2 is emerging as a novel and safe therapeutic antioxidant. It has selective antioxidant properties, giving it anti-inflammatory properties.”

Bedsores (Pressure Ulcers)

Hydrogen water intake via tube-feeding for patients with pressure ulcer and its reconstructive effects on normal human skin cells in vitro
“HW intake via TF was demonstrated, for severely hospitalized elderly patients with PU, to execute wound size reduction and early recovery, which potently ensue from either type-I collagen construction in dermal fibroblasts or the promoted mitochondrial reducing ability and ROS repression in epidermal keratinocytes as shown by immunostain or NBT and WST-1 assays, respectively.”

Cognitive Performance & Recovery

The ability of H2 to increase levels of brain-derived neurotropic factor may increase cognitive function.
Hydrogen-rich saline improves memory function in a rat model of amyloid-beta-induced Alzheimer’s disease by reduction of oxidative stress
“Hydrogen-rich saline prevented amyloid beta-induced neuroinflammation and oxidative stress, which may contribute to the improvement of memory dysfunction in this rat model.”

Carbon Monoxide Poisoning

A study using rats showed that H2-rich saline can prevent both neuron loss and loss of antioxidant capabilities after acute exposure to carbon monoxide.
Hydrogen-rich saline reduces delayed neurologic sequelae in experimental carbon monoxide toxicity
“This observation demonstrated that hydrogen-rich saline peritoneal injection improves histologic and functional assessment in a rat model of CO encephalopathy. Hydrogen saline has potentials as a novel and alternative therapy for severely CO-poisoned patients with delayed neurologic sequelae. The therapeutic effects of hydrogen-rich saline may be related to antioxidant and anti-inflammatory actions.”

Diabetes (Type 2)

Oxidative stress is widely recognized as being associated with a number of diseases, including type 2 diabetes. In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study on patients with either type 2 diabetes or impaired glucose tolerance, treatment with H2 rich water was associated with significant improvements in lipid and glucose metabolism, suggesting that hydrogen-rich water may have a beneficial role in the prevention of type 2 diabetes and insulin resistance.
Supplementation of hydrogen-rich water improves lipid and glucose metabolism in patients with type 2 diabetes or impaired glucose tolerance
“Supplementation with molecular hydrogen-rich water may have a beneficial role in the prevention of type 2 diabetes and insulin resistence by helping to stabilize blood sugar, which is a critical aspect of long-term weight loss.”

Erectile Dysfunction

Oxidative stress is also associated with erectile dysfunction. In a study on streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats, H2 treatment effectively improved erectile function.
Protective effects of hydrogen-rich saline against erectile dysfunction in a streptozotocin induced diabetic rat model
“Hydrogen-rich saline effectively improved erectile function in a streptozotocin induced diabetic rat model of erectile dysfunction.”

Depression

Oxidative stress and major depression
“The study concluded that in the absence of known oxidative injury causative agents, the lowered levels of antioxidants and higher levels of MDA implicate the high degree of oxidative stress in unipolar depression.”

Hearing Loss

Another potential benefit of H2’s selective antioxidant ability is to prevent noise-related hearing loss.
Inhaled hydrogen gas therapy for prevention of noise-induced hearing loss through reducing reactive oxygen species
“H2-treated group showed decreased immunoreactivity for 8-OHdg. the H2-treated group showed decreased immunoreactivity for 8-OHdG. These findings strongly suggest that inhaled hydrogen gas protects against noise induced hearing loss.”

General Health

Molecular Hydrogen has significant therapeutic potential for a wide range of disease models.
Recent progress toward hydrogen medicine: Potential of molecular hydrogen for preventive and therapeutic applications
“H2 prevented the decline of the mitochondrial membrane potential. This suggested that H2 protected mitochondria from OH. Along with this protective effect, H2 also prevented a decrease in the cellular level of ATP synthesized in mitochondria. The fact that H2 protected mitochondria and nuclear DNA provided evidence that H2 penetrated most membranes and diffused into organelles.”

Sepsis

H2 has been shown to have protective effects in subjects with infectious disease through the regulation of oxidative stress, inflammatory response, and apoptosis.
Effects of hydrogen-rich saline treatment on polymicrobial sepsis
“Hydrogen has been reported to selectively reduce hydroxyl radicals and peroxynitrite anion in many pathologic processes. HRS has potential protective effects against sepsis by decreasing proinflammatory responses, oxidative stress, and apoptosis in a rat model of polymicrobial sepsis.”
(Courtesy: https://zenii.co.za/research-studies/ )
For More Research Studies on Molecular Hydrogen, please visit http://www.molecularhydrogeninstitute.com/

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